projects

The Fabric of Power: Textile Culture in the Mycenaean World

The Adriadne’s Threads: a Minoan and Mycenaean “brand”

Both The Ariadne’s Threads Project (ATP) P.I Alessandro Greco and FAROS – The Fabric of Kings P.I. Stella Spantidakis explore the significance of textile production in the Mycenaean civilization, focusing on its economic, social, and cultural impact. These projects investigate how textiles, from high-status garments to everyday fabrics, played a pivotal role in shaping Mycenaean society.

ATP examines the palatial textile economy through the study of Linear A and Linear B tablets, highlighting administrative records related to wool production and textile manufacturing. The project employs advanced imaging and material analysis to reveal traces of textiles, animal hides, and even fingerprints on clay tablets, offering new insights into the organization of Mycenaean industry.

FAROS shifts the focus to an earlier period, analyzing textile remains from the elite Shaft Graves of Mycenae. Using interdisciplinary approaches—including microscopic analysis and experimental archaeology—it reconstructs the techniques and materials used in early Mycenaean textile production, tracing their evolution into the palatial era.

Both projects emphasize the role of textiles as a form of wealth, prestige, and cultural identity, reinforcing the idea that Mycenaean textiles were not just fabrics but symbols of power, connecting local craftsmanship with broader Mediterranean exchange networks.

Project details

Myth, Textile Industry, and Power in the Mycenaean World

The Greek myth is rich in episodes of raids and cattle theft; engaged in an activity that has little to do with what was understood as heroism in the classical era, we find renowned heroes such as Nestor, Heracles, Ida, Lynceus, the Dioscuri, and many others. However, these episodes constitute only a small part of a mythology that centers on the possession of animals and their prodigious fleece as the core of great ventures. In the name of the Golden Fleece, the Argonauts accomplished the most difficult of tasks; in the name of a golden lamb treacherously taken from him by his brother Thyestes, Atreus committed the darkest of murders.

Mycenaean philology has had the merit of providing substance to at least one of the profound motives that likely underpin these myths, revealing—beyond what could be imagined based on the small pastoral economies of archaic Greece—the extraordinary importance of sheep farming and wool production for the Mycenaean palace economy.

01. The Golden fleece

The final product of this extensive production chain was high-fashion clothing, which had already been the flagship of Minoan textile industries: the à la Minoenne fashion, of which the frescoes adorning Minoan and Mycenaean houses and palaces have given us splendid images. This, therefore, was the true goldmine of the Mycenaean world: industries capable of transforming sheep fleece into garments and garments into gold—Egyptian, Syrian, Hittite gold: in short, a Golden Fleece.

02. The lady of Mycenae (fresco)

Ariadne’s Threads Project (ATP)

The Ariadne’s Threads Project (ATP) is a high-impact technological project that actively involves various specializations and intellectual and computational energies. The primary goal is to conduct a comprehensive study of specific sets of clay tablets written in Linear A (from the site of Phaistos) and Linear B (from the sites of Mycenae, Knossos, and Khania-Kydonia). This investigation aims, on one hand, at the philological and paleographical study of documents, with a particular focus on those directly dealing with wool and fine textile production in the reference sites; and, on the other hand, at bringing the study of these documents to a higher level than traditional Aegean studies, by analyzing the clay and, in particular, the traces of textiles, animal skins, and fingerprints present on the tablets.

Additional Insight

Previous Research Projects

The ATP is based on five pilot projects in the field, dedicated to the study of distinct sets of Minoan (Linear A) and Mycenaean (Linear B) tablets:

1. The Pa-i-to Linear B Epigraphic Project: 94 Linear B tablets containing the recurring Minoan and Mycenaean toponym of Phaistos. These documents deal variously with palace personnel, livestock farming, weaving, chariot production, and various agricultural goods. The documents originate from the Knossos archive. www.paitoproject.it

Project directed by: Alessandro Greco (Sapienza University of Rome), Georgia Flouda (Head of the Department of Prehistoric and Minoan Antiquities at the Heraklion Archaeological Museum).
Collaborators: Erika Notti (University of Milan IULM), Giuseppe Salemi (University of Padua), Emanuela Faresin (University of Padua), Lavinia Giorgi (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome), Sara Lopez (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome).
Project duration: 2015–2020.

2. The Ku-do-ni-ja Linear B Epigraphic Project: dedicated to the 8 Linear B tablets found in Khania, which deal with personnel, ritual offerings, and chariots. This represents the complete corpus of documents from this site. www.paitoproject.it

Project directed by: Alessandro Greco (Sapienza University of Rome), Eleni Papadopoulou (Director of the Khania Archaeological Museum), Maria Vlasaki (former Secretary General of the Greek Ministry of Culture and Sports).
Collaborators: Lavinia Giorgi (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome), Sara Lopez (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome).
Project duration: 2022–present.

3. The Mycenae Linear B Epigraphic Project: 54 Linear B tablets found at Mycenae and preserved in the National Archaeological Museum of Athens. These documents focus particularly on personnel, wool lots, and batches of spices and agricultural products. www.paitoproject.it

Project directed by: Alessandro Greco (Sapienza University of Rome), Katerina Voutsa (Curator of Antiquities in the Prehistoric, Egyptian, Cypriot, and Near Eastern Antiquities Collection at the National Archaeological Museum, Athens).
In collaboration with the LIBER Project, directed by Maurizio Del Freo (CNR, Rome).
Collaborators: Lavinia Giorgi (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome), Sara Lopez (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome), Giulia Serafini (M.A. student, Sapienza University of Rome), Noemi Federico (M.A. student, Sapienza University of Rome).
Project duration: 2024–present.

4. The Pa-i-to Linear A Epigraphic Project: 27 tablets, 11 roundels, 7 nodules, and 3 vase fragments written in Linear A from the site of Phaistos in Crete. This represents the complete corpus of documents from this site. www.paitoproject.it

Project directed by: Alessandro Greco (Sapienza University of Rome), Georgia Flouda (Head of the Department of Prehistoric and Minoan Antiquities at the Heraklion Archaeological Museum), Erika Notti (University of Milan IULM).
Collaborators: Lavinia Giorgi (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome), Sara Lopez (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome), Viola Giacomini (Ph.D. candidate, Sapienza University of Rome), Rosanna Fortugno (Ph.D. candidate, Sapienza University of Rome).
Project duration: 2023–present.

5. The Pigorini Linear A Epigraphic Project
Three tablets and thirty cretulae inscribed in Linear A from the site of Haghia Triada, Crete. www.paitoproject.it

Project directed by: Alessandro Greco (Sapienza University of Rome), in collaboration with Lavinia Giorgi (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome), Sara Lopez (Ph.D., Sapienza University of Rome), Matteo Lombardi (Institute of Cultural Heritage Sciences), Claudia Palmieri (Ph.D. candidate, University of Bari), and Serena Nicolì (Sapienza University of Rome).
Project duration: 2019–2020.

Primary Objectives Shared by All Projects

Acquisition of new digital tools: all documents have undergone various digital acquisition techniques, including RTI and HDR.
Updated epigraphic and paleographic study aimed at publishing a new critical edition.
Study of the economic and political role of the site as it emerges from epigraphic, historical, and archaeological documentation.

03. The paitoproject website’s home page

Adopted Technologies

The documents under study have been subjected to the following acquisition methods:

Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI):
RTI is a computational photographic method that captures the shape and color of an object’s surface by taking multiple photographs (on average, 50) with a fixed camera, but illuminating the object from different angles for each shot. The images are synthesized to produce a 2D+ virtual model of the surface, allowing interactive manipulation of a virtual light source on the RTI image.

04. RTI models

High Dynamic Range (HDR):
HDR is a photographic and computational technology used to create high-dynamic-range images. This technique involves merging three or more separate photographs taken at different exposures. The final dataset consists of a correctly exposed photo and a sequence of deliberately overexposed and underexposed shots, ensuring that no detail is lost in either highlights or shadows.

05. A Hdr model

Preliminary Results

The production of digital models (now all completed) has allowed unprecedented precision in studying the material, enabling the creation of high-resolution apographs (paleographic drawings) and facilitating paleographic investigations aimed at recognizing the different scribal hands operating in various archives through a new research method: graphotechnical analysis.

The “Paleographic” Drawings

The production of digital models has enabled the study of materials through the creation of so-called “paleographic” drawings. These drawings are multi-layered vector-based representations, constructed from a series of nine overlapping static photographs taken from different standard positions on a plane, but with varying elevations, and modified using specific optical filters. The drawing is then traced with the aim of preserving the key elements of all the photographs, in order to obtain a “balanced” representation. This approach allows for a margin of error no greater than a single pixel, accurately reproducing many physical aspects of the documents, such as the displacement of clay caused by the stylus stroke or the precise way in which the marks composing a syllabogram or logogram intersect.

06. Vectorial drawing of a linear B tablet

Graphotechnical Investigation

Given the vast amount of paleographic information that can be extracted from RTI (Reflectance Transformation Imaging) / HDR (High Dynamic Range Imaging) techniques and the newly produced drawings, a “protocol” for paleographic analysis has been established, based on the study of modern graphological and forensic handwriting analysis principles.

The effort to objectify the graphotechnical approach has provided a methodological framework that is both easy to apply and highly reliable, leveraging key analytical tools used for identifying individual handwriting characteristics, such as graphometry, graphology, and the signaletic-descriptive method.

Through this methodology, it is possible to define both the graphic behavior (“graphic gesture”) and the specific personal traits (“idiotisms”) of a scribe.

In Search of Ariadne’s Thread: The Ariadne’s Threads Project (ATP)

At this stage, the collaboration with the A3Tex Textile Research Center takes shape and substance. The new photographs, in fact, are of exceptionally high quality, a circumstance that allows for an unprecedented study of the materiality of the supports. Within the research conducted by A3Tex, the Ariadne’s Threads Project will delve into various aspects of the materiality of Aegean documents, with particular attention to the following themes:

Traces of textiles
Traces of plant fibers
Traces of animal hides
Fingerprints
Clay analysis

Numerous tablets and other types of writing supports (cretulae, nodules, roundels, etc.) present traces of fingerprints or palm prints and/or plant fibers (PH Wr 37 recto and verso – IMAGE 7 The Linear A roundel PH Wc37).

07. The Linear A roundel PH Wc37

Additionally, there is a particular case of a nodule that bears traces of a possible organic wrapping material (fabric? Papyrus?) in which it was once enclosed (PH Wa 32 – IMAGE 8 the Linear A nodule PH Wa 32).

08. the Linear A nodule PH Wa 32

The project, therefore, will begin with a thorough analysis of the already acquired images and models to isolate and study these significant traces. To this end, it will utilize the equipment provided by the Athinas Research Center and Sapienza University.

In a second phase, the fil rouge, or rather, the Ariadne’s thread of our research will follow a new set of documents already requested from the National Museum of Heraklion. This comprises about forty documents, all attributed to a single scribal hand: Scribe 115. What makes this scribe a “special case” in Mycenaean studies is the remarkable graphical similarities between their handwriting and that of another Cretan scribe, who was active in Khania/Kudonia two or more generations after Scribe 115.

As is well known, this discovery sparked a long-standing scholarly debate between those who identified the two scribal hands as belonging to the same individual and those who argued that they were distinct hands, possibly in a master-apprentice relationship. From a paleographic perspective, today the second hypothesis is considered the most plausible, especially after the Kudonia Linear B Epigraphic Project conducted a graphotechnical investigation of the Khania scribe. Given this, a comprehensive analysis of the documents of Scribe 115 has become necessary, as recent research on the scribe of Khania suggests that behind the two tablets that initially sparked the debate, there are likely not one, but two or even three different scribes.

Advanced Analytical Techniques

The collaboration with A3Tex thus becomes highly significant. In addition to the study and analysis of textile and plant fiber imprints, the center, in collaboration with the Athinas Research Center, will also support:

Fingerprint analysis of these scribes
Clay analysis using XRF (X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy), a technique that allows for the determination of the elemental composition of a sample through the study of X-ray fluorescence radiation.

By applying this technique for the first time to the Knossos tablets, it will be possible to determine whether the clays were locally produced—which would confirm that the documents were written on-site. Conversely, if the clays prove to be of non-Knossian origin, it would introduce a groundbreaking discovery regarding data transmission in the Mycenaean era. To date, many scholars strongly believe that Linear B documents did not travel.

The Central Role of Textile Production in Mycenaean Society

There are approximately 6000 known Linear B inscriptions. As is well established, these are exclusively administrative records, covering various aspects of palatial economy, including personnel management, land census, offerings to the gods, and more. However, sheep farming and wool production alone account for more than a quarter of all recovered tablets. The most extensive set—nearly 1000 texts—comes from the Knossos archive and pertains to the management of over 150,000 sheep, bred primarily for the production of high-quality wool, which was then supplied to the thriving textile industries of the kingdom.

09. Sheep flocks from Santorini’s frescoes

Once the wool was delivered to the palace, its processing was entrusted to specialized workers through a corvée system. The administrative records reveal the presence of numerous groups of female workers, often identified by Cretan ethnonyms, and at least ten specialized categories, each responsible for a specific stage of wool production. The combing process was carried out by the pe-ki-ti-ra, while the spinning was managed by the a-ra-ka-te-ja, named after the Greek word for the distaff. The weaving process was entrusted to the i-te-ja, whose name is linked to the Greek word for loom.

Beyond the general textile workforce, specific groups specialized in distinct fabric types. The te-pe-ja were responsible for weaving te-pa textiles, a term possibly linked to “tapestry.” Similarly, the to-te-ja were associated with blankets and bedding fabrics, while the o-nu-ke-ja specialized in intricate nail-shaped decorations, which could be multicolored (po-ki-ro-nu-ka) or white (re-u-ko-nu-ka). The ne-ki-ri-de were likely dedicated to the production of burial shrouds.

Mycenaean Textile Workforce and Specializations

The documentation identifies various groups of female workers, often distinguished by ethnic names of Cretan origin. Additionally, at least ten categories of specialized labor groups ensured that all phases of wool processing were carried out. These included:

Pe-ki-ti-ra (wool combers)
A-ra-ka-te-ja (spinners)
I-te-ja (loom workers)

Some groups specialized in specific fabric types:

Te-pe-ja: responsible for weaving te-pa fabrics (related to carpets)
To-te-ja: likely connected to blankets or bedding
O-nu-ke-ja: specialists in a nail-shaped textile decoration
Po-pu-re-ja: specialists in purple dyeing
Ra-pi-ti-ri-ja: seamstresses
A-ke-ti-ra2: textile refiners/decorators

Other textile workers bore names that are no longer intelligible, such as Ko-u-re-ja, E-ne-re-ja, Ne-wi-we-ja, and many others.

At the final stage of production, highly skilled decorators and finishers known as a-ke-ti-ra2 refined the textiles, while ra-pi-ti-ri-ja (seamstresses) were responsible for sewing garments. Additionally, the po-pu-re-ja were experts in dyeing fabrics purple, a color often associated with high-status clothing. Other female worker groups are recorded, but their precise roles remain unclear, such as the ko-u-re-ja, e-ne-re-ja, and ne-wi-we-ja.

The standard textile produced in palatial industries was called pa-we-a, the Mycenaean Greek term for a “piece of fabric.” The production of different textiles required varying amounts of wool. Unfortunately, no detailed descriptions of the garments have survived, though some references mention ki-to (chitons) and tu-na-no, whose exact meaning remains unknown. However, some adjectives in the texts likely describe fabric quality. The pe-ne-we-ta textiles (“breath, breeze”) may have been light and airy, while a-ro2-a (“of superior quality”) likely referred to high-end fabrics. Certain luxury textiles were designated as wa-na-ka-te-ra (worthy of the wanax, or king) or e-qe-ta (suitable for elite warriors). Additionally, ke-se-nu-wi-ja fabrics may have been foreign-style garments or textiles intended for export markets.

Textile Quality and Garment Production

The standard textile unit produced in palatial industries was called pa-we-a, derived from the Mycenaean Greek word for “piece of fabric”.

5 kg of wool was needed for one pa-we-a unit
30 kg was required for a pe-ko-to fabric unit
21 kg for a te-pa fabric unit
9 kg for a tu-na-no fabric unit

While there are no explicit descriptions of Mycenaean garments, some references exist to ki-to (chitons) and tu-na-no (meaning unknown). Adjectives likely describing fabric quality include:

Pe-ne-we-ta (“breath, breeze”): possibly lightweight, airy fabrics
A-ro2-a: “of superior quality”
Wa-na-ka-te-ra: “royal fabric”
Ke-se-nu-wi-ja: “foreign-style garments”, possibly for export.

This extensive and specialized textile production system was a cornerstone of Mycenaean palace economies, ensuring high-quality garments for both domestic use and international trade.

Micenean Textiles and Their Social and Economic Function

The use of textiles during the Bronze Age was central to both daily life and ritual practices. The textiles produced in Mycenaean palaces were of high quality and were often used for status garments, ceremonial gifts, and other symbolic objects. The Linear B texts reveal that textile production was strictly monitored at an administrative level: approximately 2,000 tablets from Knossos and Pylos document textile-related work and the resources involved, with a particular focus on wool and flax, which were cultivated and harvested on lands controlled by the palaces.

Textiles also had a strong social function: in Mycenaean iconographic representations, clothing served as a marker of social distinction and role. These depictions show a clear gender division in dress:

Women wore sumptuous ceremonial garments with large flounced skirts or even trouser-like skirts with bodices that left the breasts exposed.
Men, on the other hand, wore much simpler attire, such as a “chiton” (tunic) or merely a loincloth.

These garments, which archaeological evidence confirms were woven and lavishly decorated with gold leaf, must be regarded as the product of a “high-fashion brand” with an extensive history. They were designed in imitation of Minoan fashion, which had dominated not only Minoan and later Mycenaean courts but also Anatolian and Near Eastern royal courts for over half a millennium.

These garments were also exported, as cuneiform records attest to Cretan textiles and products reaching Mari on the Euphrates and the Egyptian capital of Avaris between the 17th and 16th centuries BCE.

These luxury garments represented the pinnacle of Mycenaean elite trade. This was, therefore, the true goldmine of the Mycenaean world: industries capable of transforming sheep fleece into garments and garments into gold—Egyptian, Syrian, and Hittite gold.

Research Team

The Ariadne’s Threads Project (ATP) is directed by Alessandro Greco (Sapienza University of Rome), with the collaboration of: Lavinia Giorgi (PhD, Sapienza), Sara Lopez (PhD, Sapienza), Viola Giacomini (PhD Fellow, Sapienza), Rosanna Fortugno (PhD Fellow, Sapienza), Giulia Serafini (MA Fellow, Sapienza), Noemi Federico (MA Fellow).

Selected Publications

Greco, Alessandro. 2018. Festòs micenea: la natura del controllo territoriale del palazzo di Cnosso nella Messarà del Tardo Bronzo. Rhadamanthys: Studi di archeologia minoica in onore di Filippo Carinci per il suo 70º compleanno. Studies in Minoan archaeology in honour of Filippo Carinci on the occasion of his 70th birthday, Baldacci, Giorgia and Ilaria Caloi, eds. BAR-IS 2884, Oxford: BAR Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4073-1533-1. p. 115-125. (English abstract, p. 115).

Greco, Alessandro. 2017. From Middle Assyrian to Mycenaean Archives: Some Comparative and Theoretical Considerations on the Economic and Political Elites of a Mycenaean Polity. Aegean Scripts: Proceedings of the 14th International Colloquium on Mycenaean Studies, Copenhagen, 2-5 September 2015, Nosch, Marie-Louise and Hedvig Landenius Enegren, eds. Volume 2, Incunabula Graeca 105.2, Roma: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche edizioni. ISBN 9788880802754. p. 683-712.

Greco, Alessandro. 2014. La serie KN Dm: un sistema di corvée pastorali nella Cnosso del Tardo Bronzo? Pasiphae 8. p. 45-65.

Greco, Alessandro. 2012. The Background of Mycenaean Fashion: a Comparison between Near Eastern and Knossos Documents on Sheep Husbandry. Kosmos: Jewellery, Adornment and Textiles in the Aegean Bronze Age. Proceedings of the 13th International Aegean Conference/13e Rencontre égéenne internationale, University of Copenhagen, Danish National Research Foundation’s Centre for Textile Research, 21–26 April 2010, Nosch, Marie-Louise and Robert Laffineur, eds. Aegaeum 33, Leuven and Liege: Peeters. ISBN 978-90-429-2665-3. p. 271–278.

Greco, Alessandro. 2010. Scribi e pastori: Amministrazione e gestione dell’allevamento nell’archivio di Cnosso,. Tripodes 12, Atene and Padova: Scuola Archeologica Italiana di Atene. ISBN 978-960-98397-7-8.

Greco, Alessandro. 2010. Alcune considerazioni sull’economia pastorale del palazzo di Cnosso. Strumenti e tecniche della riscossione dei tributi nel mondo antico. Atti del Convegno Nazionale, Firenze 6-7 dicembre 2007, Cataudella, Michele R., Alessandro Greco, and Giuseppe Mariotta, eds. Acta Sileni 3, Padova: S.A.R.G.O.N. Editrice e Libreria. ISBN 978-88-95672-10-6. p. 81-95.

Greco, Alessandro. 2006. Le greggi di Nestore: un’indagine sul sistema pastorale del palazzo di Pilo. Gli Storici e la Lineare B Cinquant’Anni Dopo: Atti del Convegno Internationale Firenze 24-25 Novembre 2003, Cataudella, Michele R., Alessandro Greco, and Giuseppe Mariotta, eds. Acta Sileni 1, Padova: S.A.R.G.O.N. Editrice e Libreria. ISBN 88-901286-6-6. p. 201-224.

Other bibliography

Flouda, Georgia. 2024. Agency and materiality entangled: New insights into Minoan clay sealed documents from Protopalatial Phaistos. Pasiphae 18. p. 117-131. (Abstract, p. 117; issue title: 70º anniversario della decifrazione della Lineare B (1953-2023), edited by Louis Godart and Anna Sacconi). (Link)

Flouda, Georgia and Alessandro Greco. 2021. Paleografia e grafologia. I primi risultati di uno studio integrato sulle tavolette in lineare B di Knossos (The pa-i-to epigraphic project). Pasiphae 15. p. 141-164. (Abstract, p. 141; issue title, “Actes du colloque international ‘L’écriture entre Mésopotamie, Égypte et Égée aux troisième et second millénaires avant notre ère,’ Milan, 28-30 Mars 2019”).

Flouda, Georgia, Alessandro Greco, and Erika Notti. 2021. The pa-i-to epigraphic web project, www.paitoproject.it. Pasiphae 15. p. 165-168. (Abstract, p. 165; issue title, “Actes du colloque international ‘L’écriture entre Mésopotamie, Égypte et Égée aux troisième et second millénaires avant notre ère,’ Milan, 28-30 Mars 2019”).

Giorgi, L. (cds). “Writing on smiths and deities: a comparative study between the Aegean and Anatolia”. Studia Hethitica, Hurritica et Urartaica 2 – Studies in Honour of Marie-Claude Trémouille.

Giorgi, L., A. Bonfanti (cds). “Adoption and adaptation of writing systems in ancient societies. The cases of Urartian and Mycenaean”. In Proceedings of the 66e Rencontre Assiriologique International – Cultural Contact – Cultures of Contact.

Giorgi, L. (2024). Il bronzo tra scrittura Lineare B e scrittura cuneiforme: circolazione e gestione nel Mediterraneo orientale tra il XVI e il XII secolo a.C., tesi di dottorato, Sapienza Università di Roma.

Giorgi, L. (2024). “Writing in Crete. A comparison between Cretan Hieroglyphic and Linear A”, Appunti Romani di Filologia XXVI, 75-90.

Giorgi, L. (2024). “L’origine della Lineare B secondo la teoria linguistica delle “aree marginali””. In Atti del seminario Semi di Sapienza. Margini e Marginalità. Un’analisi multidisciplinare delle figure e dei contesti, Sapienza Università di Roma, 22-23 giugno 2023.

Giorgi, L. (2023). “Review to A.P. Judson, 2020, The Undeciphered signs of Linear B. Interpretation and Scribal Practices, Cambridge, pp. V-XIX; 1-352”, La Parola del Passato (2023).

Giorgi, L. (2020). Il ruolo dei palazzi micenei nel flusso dei beni attraverso le evidenze materiali e i documenti in Lineare B, tesi magistrale non pubblicata, Sapienza Università di Roma.

Greco, Alessandro and Noemi Federico. 2024. Even the Minoan scribes treated as criminals! First results of an integrated palaeographic survey on the corpus of Linear A tablets from Phaistos. Pasiphae 18. p. 149-168. (Abstract, p. 149; issue title: 70º anniversario della decifrazione della Lineare B (1953-2023), edited by Louis Godart and Anna Sacconi). (Link)

Greco, Alessandro. 2023. Archivi centrali, archivi periferici e il ruolo dell’oralità nella trasmissione delle informazioni in epoca micenea. Pasiphae 17. p. 155-172. (English abstract, “Central and Peripheral Archives and the Role of Orality in the Transmission of Information in Mycenaean Times,” p. 155; issue title: Actes du colloque international ‘Oralité et écriture du Golfe Arabo-Persique à l’Égée entre les troisième et second millénaire avant notre ère’, Milan, 29 septembre-1 octorbre 2022). (Link)

Greco A., Lopez S., Flouda G. (2023), Scribes Treated as Criminals: nuovi strumenti per la paleografia micenea (The Linear B Pa-i-to Epigraphic Project), in ROCCA GIOVANNA, NOTTI ERIKA, MUSCIARELLO MARTA (a cura di), Po-ro-wi-to-jo Studi in onore di Mario Negri.

Greco, Alessandro and Georgia Flouda. 2017. The Linear B pa-i-to Epigraphic Project. ASAtene 95. p. 143-160. (Italian, Greek, and English abstracts, p. 143).

Greco, Alessandro. 2022. Un frammento iscritto in Lineare A da Festos. Pasiphae 16. p. 153-166. (English abstract, “A Linear A inscribed fragment from Phaistos,” p. 153). (Link)

Greco, Alessandro. 2012. I censimenti ovini (classe D-) e la cronologia degli archivi di Cnossos. Pasiphae 6. p. 11-45. (English abstract, pp. 44-45).

Greco, Alessandro. 2004. The pastoral calendar and the importance of the growth rate of lambs in the management of breeding: the case of the Knossos archive. The Swedish Institute in Rome. Projects and Seminars 1. p. 4-11. (Special issue: “Pecus: Man and Animal in Antiquity. Proceedings of the Conference at the Swedish Institute in Rome, September 9-12, 2002,” ed. Barbro Santillo Frizell). (Link)

Greco, Alessandro. 2002. Omologazione, integrazione, sostituzione: le procedure di aggiornamento dei documenti inerenti alle greggi del palazzo di Cnosso. Creta Antica 3. p. 217-246. (English abstract, “Standardization, integration, replacement: procedures for updating the documents pertaining to Knossian flocks,” p. 246).

Lopez S. (2022), Reconsidering Mycenae. Patterns antroponimici nella serie Au: una proposta di lettura, RES ANTIQUAE 19, p. 213-240.

Lopez S. (2023), Review: E. Salgarella, Aegean linear script(s): rethinking the relationship between Linear A and Linear B, Cambridge classical studies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020, LA PAROLA DEL PASSATO, vol. 78, pp. 223-239.

Lopez S. (2023), Archivi centrali ed archivi periferici nella Grecia della Tarda Età del Bronzo: il caso delle Households di Micene (Tesi di dottorato).

Lopez S. (2023), Reflectance Transformation Imaging e Lineare B. Metodologie d’applicazione e potenzialità interpretative, in Collana Infieri, ed. QASAR, p. 243-267.

Lopez S., Giorgi L. (2024), Writing in transition: ku-do-ni-ja from Linear A to Linear B according to morphology of signs, in LOUIS GODART, ANNA SACCONI, 70º anniversario della decifrazione della Lineare B (1953-2023). Pasiphae 18. p. 227-257.

Lopez S. (2024), Leggere attraverso i frammenti: alcuni risultati di uno studio integrato dei testi in Lineare B del centro cultuale di Micene, in SARA LOPEZ (a cura di), Da Minosse a Omero: scrivere in greco prima del greco. Appunti romani di filologia XXVI. p. 91-113.

Notti, Erika. 2024. The Phaistos Linear A Epigraphic Project. The case of PH 13, in the light of the new evidence emerging from the archive of Phaistos. Pasiphae 18. p. 301-317. (Abstract, p. 301; issue title: 70º anniversario della decifrazione della Lineare B (1953-2023), edited by Louis Godart and Anna Sacconi). (Link)